Chile earthquake news roundup: Day 3

Everyone’s favorite photo: Emol.com has the story behind the above AP photo, which has become emblematic of both the devastation and the hope found in the wake of Saturday’s monster earthquake. The man in the picture, Bruno Sandoval, is an artist living in the coastal town of Pelluhue. He was out of town the moment the earthquake hit, and returned to find the place completely wiped out by a tsunami.

Sandoval lost all his clothes and personal belongings, as well as a Suzuki truck that was swept away by the waves that washed over Pelluhue. Searching the rubble for some trace of his belongings, he found this flag, and lifted it up.

The death toll: Official government statistics now put the death toll at 763. The majority of the deaths took place in the south-central part of the country, where the epicenter was located. Only 38 people died in the capital, Santiago, located some 200 miles north of the epicenter. The official count of the missing stands at 19.

The controversy: The Chilean military (specifically, the Navy) has admitted it made “a mistake” by not immediately alerting the coastal areas to the possibility of a tsunami. The military says the mistake was minor because other emergency response systems kicked it and told people to move to high ground in time, but had it immediately passed on the multiple warnings it received from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association scientists, people would have had an addition 10-15 minutes to get to safety.

The looting: Total chaos is reigning in parts of the country hardest-hit by the earthquake. Everything from grocery stores, to pharmacies, to ATMs have been completely emptied in Concepción. Terrified residents are forming little vigilante squads to guard their homes. One mayor went on the radio and basically panicked in public:

This is chaos. The criminals have taken control of the city. Send reinforcements, we need security. Water and food can wait. We’re no longer afraid of the aftershocks, we’re afraid of the criminals… please, mano dura, if you have to kill, then kill.

The government has deployed 6,500 elite troops to the hardest-hit areas, meaning that perhaps the worst is over as far as public safety is concerned. In the video below, from a couple days ago, government security personnel allow people to carry off food and other essentials, though the looting of electronics can also be seen.


The plan: President-elect Piñera says he’s working on a recovery plan called “Levantemos Chile” (“Rise up Chile”). Some early estimates say the damage from the earthquake is going to cost as much as US$30 billion to repair, though Piñera says that “as we deepen our investigation and continue analyzing the situation, we’re finding damage that’s much greater than the initial estimates.” Piñera takes office in 10 days.

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The Magician

Nothing up his sleeve.

Here’s what Juan Manuel Santos doesn’t have: He’s never been elected to anything. He’s terrible at giving speeches. He didn’t join Uribe until relatively late in the game. So why is he the front-runner to succeed Uribe? What’s his secret?

La Silla Vacia has published a long, interesting essay to answer that question. In a nutshell, Santos is an excellent politician. He always manages to pick the winning side. He has a history of accomplishing tricky policy victories. He’s a technocrat and a pragmatist. He’s a team player.

In that sense, Santos is very different from Uribe: He builds teams, recognizes the importance of having highly expert lieutenants, and he sticks with them through good and bad.

Technocrats love Santos because he listens to them, but above all because he’s able to get things done.

Finally, if Santos hadn’t gone into politics, he would have been in line to take the reins of El Tiempo, one Colombia’s largest, most influential newspapers and a backer of Uribe. La Silla Vacia suggests that Santos’ media influence goes even further:

Beyond his family’s newspaper, because of his past as a journalist and because he moves in the same social circles, Santos is personal friends with Julio Sánchez Cristo, María Isabel Rueda and Felipe López (owner of La Semana) among other influential journalists. This means that his version of the facts carries significant weight in the news que le atañen. Santos is the magician of spin.

Thus far, the polls indicate that Santos would not win in the first round of a presidential vote. But since Uribe failed in his bid to run for a third term, Santos’ numbers have been rising. As La Silla Vacia put it, “People like to vote for the one they think will win.”

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Hardball

Not afraid to use it.

If at first you don’t succeed, ram it through. When Argentine President Cristina Kirchner issued a decree earlier this year to pay US$6.6 billion in debt with Central Bank reserves, it caused an uproar. Congress objected, the Central Bank president rebelled, and the courts froze the funds. Even after Kirchner sacked the Central Bank head, the courts still wouldn’t unfreeze the cash, and Congress wouldn’t cooperate.

So she did what any good sore loser would do, which is cancel the first decree and immediately issue a second one that’s exactly the same:

Argentina’s central bank transferred $6.6 billion in reserves to accounts belonging to the Treasury that the government will use to make payments to multilateral lenders and bondholders, an official at the bank said.The bank transferred $2.2 billion to pay debt owed to multilateral lenders and $4.4 billion to pay bondholders, according to the official, who can’t be identified because of bank policies. The board of directors approved the transaction, following a decree ordering the transfer that President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner announced today in a speech in Congress.

By ramming through the use of reserves instead of budgeted funds to pay the debt, Kirchner simultaneously weakens the currency by removing some of its backing, increases the risk of inflation by freeing up budget funds for spending domestically, and adds another example to The Economist‘s scathing critique of the Kirchners’ strongarm tactics.

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Indigenous anger

Uprising, take seven.

Now in power for a little more than three years, President Rafael Correa’s administration is getting a little long in the tooth by Ecuadorean standards. In the last 18 years, only one Ecuadorean president has made it all the way through his four year term, and none of the other presidents out of the eight (!) that served during that time period made it through three years.

So it might be significant that the powerful indigenous organization Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) is breaking off negotiations with the government and calling for a “plurinational uprising.” Reports Dow Jones Newswire:

Delfin Tenesaca, head of the Ecuadorian Confederation of Kichwa Nationalities, or ECUARUNARI, a CONAIE arm, told Dow Jones Newswires that indigenous people “will start to implement a plurinational state with our own rules in each of our communities.”

The CONAIE played an important role in the overthrow of former presidents Abdala Bucaram and Jamil Mahuad in the late 1990s and in 2000.

Yikes. According to the statement published on CONAIE’s Web site, they are very, very upset with the government for furthering the kind of hydrocarbon-centric policies that have set off similar national uproars in the past:

The government of the “citizen revolution” and “21st century socialism” has not changed the colonial state and continued to strengthen the neo-liberal capitalist model, betraying the people of Ecuador, the communes, the communities, the villages, the indigenous nationalities, the Afro-Ecuadoreans, and the coastal peoples.

In the end, this is the truest thing anyone’s ever said of the Chávez’-led “socialism” that swept through South America in the 2000s. The “revolution” is all talk, based as it is on the extraction of hydrocarbons, which is the most capitalist thing there is.

I hope Correa is wearing a helmet.

(Note: The Dow Jones article is behind a nasty paywall. Another story on the breaking off of dialogue can be found in the Latin American Herald Tribune.)

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Venezuelan connection

FARC buddies.

Those laptops discovered after Colombia bombed a FARC encampment in 2008 continue to tell tales. The latest is evidence “that demonstrates Venezuelan governmental co-operation in the illicit collaboration between Farc and Eta,” according to Spanish judge Eloy Velasco, who just filed charges against several ETA and FARC members.

Specifically, the two groups collaborated in an apparently failed scheme to assassinate Colombian presidents Andres Pastrana and Álvaro Uribe when they traveled to Spain. The charges state that an ETA higher-up who lives in Venezuela and had (and possibly still has) a job in the Venezuelan government was key in putting the two groups in touch with each other

Spanish President José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero  is demanding an explanation, while separately, the U.S. State Department just released a report saying that, “There is strong evidence that some elements of Venezuela’s security forces directly assist” the FARC and the ELN in Colombia.

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Too sexy for Brazil

This ad is causing outrage. In Brazil. Yeah, I don’t get it either.

(h/t The Latin Americanist.)

Posted in Brazil, Odd | Tagged , , | 3 Comments

TRANSLATION: Girl saved island village from tsunami by sounding alarm

Robinson Crusoe Island (Via Sydney Morning Herald)

(Translated from an article in La Tercera.)

On the Juan Fernández Islands, 600km off the coast of Chile, the 8.8 earthquake that shook the mainland on Saturday morning was only a gentle tremble. At least that’s what it felt like to Maratina Maturana, 12 years old and the daughter of a federal police officer stationed on Robinson Crusoe Island.

Read More »

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Asking for it

TIME Magazine has a theory that’s so awesome, they wouldn’t want to invalidate it by thinking. The reason the Haiti earthquake was so terrible and the Chilean earthquake so less terrible, they say, is because of corruption:

In recent decades, Chile has mandated earthquake-proofing for new structures, requiring that materials like rubber and features like counterweights be built into the architectural designs to allow buildings to bend and sway rather than break during temblors. Haiti, by contrast, lets its buildings rise with little if any input from engineers and plenty of bribes to so-called government inspectors. Structures have scant reinforcement and are often set on weak foundations. That’s why 13 of 15 federal ministry buildings pancaked in the Jan. 12 earthquake — and why, in 2008, 91 students and teachers died when their school in a Port-au-Prince suburb collapsed. The school’s owner was convicted of involuntary manslaughter after admitting he barely even used mortar to hold its concrete blocks together.

Sounds great! Straight-forward! Cue the public policy admonishments for the administration of aid money to a country full of thieves! Because there couldn’t be another side to this. Could there?

To be fair, Haiti has had far less experience with earthquakes, and therefore earthquake preparedness, than Chile has. (Before Jan. 12, the last major quake to hit Port-au-Prince was in 1751.)

OK, so you’re the poorest country in the world, haven’t had a major earthquake in 260 years, and somehow you’re supposed to enforce construction codes that require buildings to come with counterweights. You know, just in case.

Yeah, we can totally blame the Haitians for this one.

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Pura Coca

How things stack up.

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton started her visit to the region today. She’ll be stopping by Uruguay for an inauguration, Chile for an earthquake, Brazil for Iran-related lobbying, and Costa Rica for… what, exactly? The tree frogs? The coffee? A gander at Oscar Arias’ Nobel Peace Prize? The lovely cosmopolitan atmosphere of bustling downtown San José?

Here’s a hint: Yesterday, Costa Rican authorities made their biggest drug bust ever. By accident. They discovered two broken-down trucks carrying a combined three tons of cocaine. This kind of thing now happens regularly. A ton here, a ton there, a half a ton in a crashed helicopter, another ton shipped out in frozen sharks, another quarter ton stumbled upon when police showed up for a domestic violence call.

Something like 20 tons of cocaine were captured by the Barney-Fife-like boys in blue of Costa Rica last year. If this much cocaine is just falling into the laps of Costa Rican law enforcement officials (often accompanied by the odd Mexican or Colombian gangster) one can only imagine how much they’re missing.

Indeed, this morning’s edition of La Nación reported that seven “clandestine” flights are detected every day by the helpless, hapless Costa Rican authorities, and several parts of the country aren’t even monitored by radar. The country has 120 small landing strips, almost none of them watched by the police. Costa Rica’s relatively good infrastructure, lack of an army, easily-gamed immigration system, and history as a haven for other countries’ criminals makes it the perfect “warehouse” for cocaine bound for the United States.

Clinton’s people have said that “security” is high on their list of important topics, specifically stating that they’re concerned about the “criminality complex, organized crime and the scourge of drug trafficking” in the region. Of course, Costa Rica’s drug trafficking problem pales in comparison to that of other countries in the region, but that’s just the point. I suspect the U.S. State Department is concerned that the major drug cartels are gaining a significant foothold in peaceful, relatively defenseless Costa Rica.

Maybe they could get Costa Rica an AWACS for Christmas.

(Note: La Nación redesigned their Web site last week, and it didn’t go so well. Apologies, therefore, if some of the above links stop working.)

Posted in Costa Rica, War on drugs | Tagged , , , | 1 Comment

Chile earthquake news roundup

The Photos: The Boston Globe‘s “The Big Picture” feature is characteristically awesome and the best place I’ve found to view the best photos of the Chilean earthquake.

The Numbers: The earthquake was 8.8 on the Richter scale, 500 times more powerful than the Haiti quake. The death toll is at 708 and rising. Officials say 2 million people have been affected and half a million homes are damaged.

The Science: From the New York Times:

Earthquake experts said the strains built up by that movement, plus the stresses added along the fault zone by the 1960 quake, led to the rupture on Saturday along what is estimated to be about 400 miles of the zone, at a depth of about 22 miles under the sea floor.

The Maps: Also from the New York Times. A series of very good illustrations showing where the earthquake happened and what it affected.

The Response: Looting has broken out in some of the hardest-hit areas. The government has declared the middle section of the country a “catastrophe zone.”

The Markets: Several copper mines stopped operating, but the closures are supposedly only temporary. Copper accounted for half of Chile’s $53 billion in exports last year.

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  • DAILY LINKS

    • The Nation has a long, wonky, wonderful article on Mexican maize cultivation, the effects of NAFTA, and the dangers of genetically-modified seeds. Author Peter Canby backs up his excellent writing with piles and piles of meticulous research. Not to be missed. [link, via SM] (Image from Joel Penner.)

    • Cuban dissident Guillermo Farinas ended his hunger strike yesterday after 134 days. Farinas decided to end his strike after the Cuban government said it would release political prisoners rounded up in the "Black Spring" crackdown of 2003. Get well soon. [link]

    • The Uruguayan selection, which has made it to the quarter finals of the World Cup, just received a shipment of half a ton of fine cuts of beef for the mother of all asados in preparation for a contest against Ghana on Friday: "450 kilos of lomo, 200 of entrecot, 75 of vacío, 75 of colita de cuadril, 150 of ojo de bife and 50 kg of picaña." [link]

    • Hitmen have assassinated the PRI candidate for governor of Tamaulipas State, Rodolfo Torre Cantú. Torre was gunned down along with six others at about 10:30 this morning on a highway on the way to a campaign event. Drug mafias are assumed to be responsible. [link]

    • From the days when coups were something of a regional sport, new documents detail a famous British ballerina's role in a plot to topple the government of Panama. The plan was to use her yacht to gather men and arms, then "land somewhere and collect in the hills." It didn't work. [link]

    • Mexico's Attorney General's Office has posted on its web site irrefutable evidence that gold-plated AR-15s and diamond-studded pistol grips are not nearly as cool-looking as they sound. The deadly knick-knack collection is said to belong to Valencia Cartel leader El Lobo. [link]

    • Two Brazilian ranchers were sentenced to 30 years in prison apiece for ordering the killing of an environmentalist nun: "Prosecutors said the pair offered to pay a gunman $25,000 to kill the 73-year-old [Dorothy] Stang because she had prevented them from stealing a piece of land that the government had granted to a group of poor farmers." [link]


    • This video of a kidnapping and car chase in Mexico is notable mainly for the bad-assitude of the TV journalists who were on this like white on rice. Well done, gentlemen.

    • The Economist takes a peak at the Mockus phenomenon in Colombia: "His moustacheless beard gives him the air of a Baltic pastor... He is financing his campaign with a bank overdraft. His supporters rely on Facebook and make their own posters; street vendors sell unofficial campaign T-shirts." [link]

    • Some cruise lines will cease traveling to Antarctica after this cruise season, as a ban on the use and carriage of heavy fuel oil goes into effect next year. The ban came after a 2007 incident when a Gap Adventures ship got punctured by ice and sank, causing a mess. [link]